一种基于卫星遥感的临近预报方法     

刘佳 《测绘通报》2019,(3):113-115,119

中尺度对流系统（MCS）是形成强对流天气的主要原因，云团在MCS生命周期中的分裂合并问题是临近预报的难点。为解决这一问题，本文提出了FCC方法，该方法使用质心位移和FY-2卫星数据预测多个对流单体的运动轨迹。多个案例分析证明，FCC算法在MCS的各个生命周期均能进行有效的预测，包括初生、成熟和消散阶段。此外，通过列联表方法验证了所提算法的有效性。  相似文献   

GNSS转发式欺骗干扰方法的改进     

何婷 《测绘通报》2019,(4):71-74,83

针对GNSS多天线转发式欺骗干扰在实际应用中，当干扰机与目标机距离大于一定范围时，将引起目标机钟差突跳，从而易被目标机检测和识别的缺陷，提出了基于干扰机阵列的转发式欺骗干扰新方法。干扰机阵列按照正六边形网型布设，可实现目标区域的无缝覆盖，并且灵活易拓展。不论目标机位于区域的任何位置，均有一个最优干扰机能够对其实施有效干扰。为了确定相邻干扰机的最优间距，本文在干扰机阵列不同间距下对具有钟差突跳自适应检测能力的目标机的干扰有效性进行了仿真研究。结论表明，综合考虑各种约束因素，相邻干扰机最优间距为17 km，满足该条件的干扰机阵列在实施欺骗干扰过程中，不会造成目标机钟差突跳，有效解决了该干扰方式易被目标机识别的问题。  相似文献   

无人海洋测绘技术体系构建   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

周立  张阳  张一  付丹丹  陈晨  魏征  冯俊俊  刘泽峰 《测绘通报》2019,(4):130-133

随着无人技术的快速发展，无人测绘的时代即将到来。本文分析了无人时代技术特征与海洋测绘发展机遇；讨论了无人海洋测绘新理念，构建了无人海洋测绘技术体系，论述了无人海洋测绘技术关键技术；展望了无人海洋测绘技术发展趋势，及其在海洋经济、海洋可持续发展中的应用前景。  相似文献   

A novel spatial index using spatial analyses and hierarchical fuzzy expert system for obtaining green TOD: a case study in Tehran city     

Hamid Motieyan  Mohammad Saadi Mesgari 《国际地球制图》2019,34(1):1-22

Sustainable development is a vital and challenging factor for managing urban growth smartly. This factor contains three main components, namely economic growth, ecological protection and social justice. Green Transit-Oriented Development (GTOD) is a consummate planning approach in line with those components. Implementation of GTOD in an urban area is underpinned by its quantification. Therefore, a quantitative spatial index based on several indicators related to TOD and Green urbanism concepts should be developed. In this study, Geo-spatial Information Science and hierarchical fuzzy inference system (HFIS) were employed to calculate the indicators and aggregate them, respectively. In order to showcase the feasibility of the proposed method, it was implemented in a case study area in the City of Tehran, Iran. The result of this method is an integrated spatial GTOD index, which measures the neighbourhoods’ GTOD levels. These measurements specify weaknesses and strengths of neighbourhoods’ factors. Therefore, this index helps decision-makers to plan neighbourhoods based on land use and public transit views. Additionally, the HFIS method helps decision-makers to consider criteria and indicators with their inherent uncertainties and aggregate them with much fewer rules. For evaluating the results, the developed GTOD index was assessed with municipal action planning and attraction maps. According to the outcomes of the assessment, it is concluded that the proposed method is adequately robust and efficient for smart and sustainable urban planning.  相似文献   

ATS藻板与自然礁石上藻群生物多样性的比较     

王欢欢  谭斯尹  王慧  杜虹  侯涛  陈贤建  黎俊珺  黄莹 《热带海洋学报》2019,38(1):43-48

ATS(algal turf scrubber)系统是一种利用潮间带藻类高效去除富营养化水体中氮(N)、磷(P)元素的水质净化系统, 藻类是支持整个系统最重要的组成部分, 其群落结构与水质净化效果密切相关。该研究基于Illumina MiSeq平台的高通量测序技术对海水水族缸的ATS系统中藻板样品和自然礁石上的藻类进行多样性分析。18S rDNA研究结果表明, ATS系统中经筛选得到藻类优化序列21390条, 其中对丝藻属Antithamnion占主要地位, 占序列总数的22.79%, 其次19.07%序列归入斜纹藻属Psammodictyon; 宋井、展南亭、后宅3个地区的藻类经筛选分别得到88435、87129、106458条优化序列, 主要为分枝色指藻属Chroodactylon、宽果藻属Mastocarpus和日本马泽藻属Mazzaella。ATS系统和自然环境样品共有的优势藻为骨条藻属Skeletonema和仙菜属Ceramium。本实验在研究ATS系统与自然礁石上的藻类群落相似性的同时, 深入探究了其群落结构的差异性, 为进一步优化ATS系统的功能提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

Neptune Trojans: a Revisit and a New Membertwo     

Wu Rui-jun  Zhou Lei  Zhou Li-yong 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2019,43(2):262-277

Up to now, 17 Neptune Trojan asteroids have been detected with their orbits being well determined by continuous observations. This paper analyzes systematically their orbital dynamics. Our results show that except for two temporary members with relatively short lifespans on Trojan orbits, the vast majority of Neptune Trojans located within their orbital uncertainties may survive in the solar system age. The escaping probability of Neptune Trojans, through slow diffusion in the orbital element space in 4.5 billion years, is estimated to be ～50%. The asteroid 2012 UW177 classified as a Centaur asteroid by the IAU Minor Planet Center currently is in fact a Neptune Trojan. Numerical simulations indicate that it is librating on the tadpole-shaped orbit around the Neptune's L₄ point. It was captured into the current orbit approximately 0.23 million years ago, and will stay there for at least another 1.3 million years in the future. Its high inclination of i ≈ 54^° not only makes it the most inclined Neptune Trojan, but also makes it exhibit the complicated and interesting co-orbital transitions between the leading and trailing Trojans via the quasi-satellite orbit phase.  相似文献   

大气负荷对新疆地区地壳形变和地面重力变化的影响     

王海涛  王斌  王伟  章传银 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(2):189-194

基于ECMWF全球大气模型和中国地面气候资料日值数据集中新疆及周边的气象站气压数据，根据弹性地壳形变理论，采用移去-恢复法，利用负荷格林函数法和球谐函数法，计算新疆及周边区域2011~2015年大气负荷变化对地壳垂直、水平形变的影响，同时采用大气导纳方法计算大气变化对地面重力的影响。结果表明，大气负荷对新疆地区垂直形变的影响达到cm级，对地面重力的影响可达10 μGal；大气负荷影响具有明显的季节性。  相似文献   

Ecological Worldview as the Central Component of Environmental Concern: Clarifying the Role of the NEP     

Chenyang Xiao  Riley E. Dunlap  Dayong Hong 《社会与自然资源》2019,32(1):53-72

This study examines whether an ecological worldview—operationalized by the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) Scale--serves as the source of coherence of Environmental Concern (EC). Using data on four samples from the 1992 Gallup “Health of the Planet” Survey and the 2003 and 2010 Chinese General Social Surveys, we found that in all samples not only is the NEP the most powerful predictor of EC, but it also mediates the effects of socio-demographic variables on EC as hypothesized. The results confirm that the NEP is the source of coherence of EC, making it a meaningful construct.  相似文献   

Assessing the performance of a large-scale irrigation system by estimations of actual evapotranspiration obtained by Landsat satellite images resampled with cubic convolution     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2019

Remote sensing techniques allow monitoring the Earth surface and acquiring worthwhile information that can be used efficiently in agro-hydrological systems. Satellite images associated to computational models represent reliable resources to estimate actual evapotranspiration fluxes, ET_a, based on surface energy balance. The knowledge of ET_a and its spatial distribution is crucial for a broad range of applications at different scales, from fields to large irrigation districts. In single plots and/or in irrigation districts, linking water volumes delivered to the plots with the estimations of remote sensed ET_a can have a great potential to develop new cost-effective indicators of irrigation performance, as well as to increase water use efficiency. With the aim to assess the irrigation system performance and the opportunities to save irrigation water resources at the “SAT Llano Verde” district in Albacete, Castilla-La Mancha (Spain), the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) was applied on cloud-free Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) images, processed by cubic convolution resampling method, for three irrigation seasons (May to September 2006, 2007 and 2008). The model allowed quantifying instantaneous, daily, monthly and seasonal ET_a over the irrigation district. The comparison between monthly irrigation volumes distributed by each hydrant and the corresponding spatially averaged ET_a, obtained by assuming an overall efficiency of irrigation network equal to 85%, allowed the assessment of the irrigation system performance for the area served by each hydrant, as well as for the whole irrigation district. It was observed that in all the investigated years, irrigation volumes applied monthly by farmers resulted generally higher than the corresponding evapotranspiration fluxes retrieved by SEBAL, with the exception of May, in which abundant rainfall occurred. When considering the entire irrigation seasons, it was demonstrated that a considerable amount of water could have been saved in the district, respectively equal to 26.2, 28.0 and 16.4% of the total water consumption evaluated in the three years.  相似文献   

中国地质学会第一届科普奖揭晓     

代国标 《地质论评》2020,66(3):66030532-66030532

正为了进一步加强地质学科学普及,鼓励会员参与地质科普,中国地质学会设立了科普奖。中国地质学会第一届科普奖近日揭晓,5位科学家获人物奖,5组作品获产品奖。该获奖名单是由各省级地质学会和中国地质学会各专业委员会推荐,经专家评选后确定,并于2020年4月21日～26日在中国地质学会网站公示。  相似文献